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World Wildlife, 1996

Identification Information
Citation
Originator
Environmental Systems Research Institute (Redlands, Calif.)
Publication Date
1996
Title
World Wildlife, 1996
Geospatial Data Presentation Form
vector digital data
Series Information
Series Name
ArcAtlas
Publication Information
Publication Place
Redlands, Calif.
Publisher
Environmental Systems Research Institute (Redlands, Calif.)
Online Linkage
https://www1.columbia.edu/sec/acis/eds/dgate/studies/C1301/data/esri_1996_world_wildlife.zip
Abstract
World Wildlife, 1996 is a polygon theme representing the habitat for a number of animal species. Attribute information includes the Latin and common name of the animal.
Purpose
For educational, non-commercial purposes. This dataset is appropriate for use in a GIS.
Supplemental Information
The areas of systematic animal groups are shown on the maps of wildlife. The contemporary geographic distribution pattern of animals is the result of the development of animal life, the geological history of the earth, and anthropogenic biosphere changes. The terrestrial animals are classified into zoogeographical (faunistic) realms according to similarity of species composition. However, it is impossible to define boundaries for such realms that are appropriate for all the systematic groups of animals. Various faunistic groups require different habitats and have different ways of dispersing and clearing obstacles. Moreover, they have different geological ages, centers of origin, and periods of prosperity and extinction. Various faunistic groups appeared and dispersed from different centers at different times when the continental outlines and landscapes were different. Mammals and birds are the animals with the most similar patterns of distribution over the whole earth. They attained prosperity and began dispersing during the Tertiary under more or less similar physical geographical conditions. These faunistic groups were used as bases for determining zoogeographical realms that correspond closely to the distribution of amphibians, reptiles, freshwater fish, and many insect groups. Each faunistic realm is characterized by systematic groups or species of animals inhabiting only that realm (endemics). At the same time, many groups of animals occur on more than one continent, which is evidence of the historical relationships of the continents. Large spatial complexes of organisms whose ranges are closely connected with landscape and climatic zones were also classified together with the faunistic realms. Such complexes of flora and fauna within their habitats are called biomes (for example, the biomes of tundra, taiga, steppe, and wet tropical forest). Each biome is characterized by specific natural and climatic conditions that determine the appearance and evolution of fauna. A systematic group or species is characterized by its own area of distribution within the continent or biome. The boundaries of such ranges can change over time when they are affected by various natural and anthropogenic factors. Areas of animal distribution can expand, for example, through dispersal, or diminish, for example, through species competition, habitat destruction, or extinction.
Temporal Extent
Currentness Reference
publication date
Time Instant
1996
Bounding Box
West
-179.9
East
179.9
North
83.623032
South
-55.902229
ISO Topic Category
Biology
Theme Keyword
Wildlife
Animals
Zoology
Habitat
Theme Keyword Thesaurus
None
Place Keyword
Earth
Place Keyword Thesaurus
GeoNames
Temporal Keyword
1996
Temporal Keyword Thesaurus
None
Access Restrictions
For current Columbia affiliates only.
Use Restrictions
For educational, non-commercial use only.
Status
Complete
Maintenance and Update Frequency
None planned
Point of Contact
Contact Organization
ESRI
Delivery Point
380 New York Street
City
Redlands
State
California
Postal Code
92373-8100
Country
USA
Contact Telephone
909-793-2853
Contact Facsimile Telephone
909-793-5953
Contact Electronic Mail Address
info@esri.com
Hours of Service
7:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Pacific time, Monday-Friday
Data Quality Information
Lineage
Spatial Data Organization Information
Direct Spatial Reference Method
Vector
Point and Vector Object Information
SDTS Terms Description
SDTS Point and Vector Object Type
G-polygon
Point and Vector Object Count
344
Spatial Reference Information
Horizontal Coordinate System Definition
Geographic
Latitude Resolution
0.000000
Longitude Resolution
0.000000
Geographic Coordinate Units
Decimal degrees
Geodetic Model
Horizontal Datum Name
D_Clarke_1866
Ellipsoid Name
Clarke 1866
Semi-major Axis
6378206.400000
Denominator of Flattening Ratio
294.978698
Entity and Attribute Information
Entity Type
Entity Type Label
wildlife
Entity Type Definition
Habitats
Attributes
FID
Internal feature number. (Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.)
Definition Source
ESRI
Shape
Feature geometry. (Coordinates defining the features.)
Definition Source
ESRI
AREA
Area
PERIMETER
Perimeter
LATIN_NAME
The latin name of an animal
COMM_NAME
An animal's English common name
Distribution Information
Format Name
GeoPackage
Distributor
Environmental Systems Research Institute (Redlands, Calif.)
Name
Metadata Reference Information
Metadata Date
20090707
Metadata Contact
Contact Information
Contact Organization Primary
Contact Organization
Research Data Services (RDS), Columbia University Libraries
Contact Person
GIS/Metadata Librarian
Contact Address
Address
420 W. 118th St. 215 IAB, MC 3301
City
New York
State or Province
NY
Postal Code
10027
Country
USA
Contact Voice Telephone
(212) 854-6012
Contact Electronic Mail Address
data@library.columbia.edu
Hours of Service
7:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Pacific time, Monday-Friday
Metadata Standard Name
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata Standard Version
FGDC-STD-001-1998
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